-336

 

Philip of Macedonia murdered

-336

 

Darius III king of Persia

-336

 

Alexander the Great king of Macedonia

-333

 

Alexander defeats Darius III at Issus

-332

 

Alexander invades Egypt

-332

 

Alexander the Great visits Jerusalem

-330

 

Darius of Persia dies

-330

 

Macedonian conquest of Palestine

-325

 

Alexander the Great taught by Aristotle

-323

 

Alexander the Great dies of a fever in Persia

-320

 

Cassander murders Alexander's wife Roxana & son.

-318

 

Ptolemy I Lagi pharaoh

-315

 

Ptolemy, Cassander, Lysimachus form alliance against Antigonus

-312

 

Ptolemy & Seleucus defeat Antigonus' son Demetrius at Gaza

-312

 

Ptolemy captures Jerusalem, deports many (100,000?) to Egypt

-311

 

Seleucus conquers Babylonia

-305

-282

Ptolemy I Soter reigns in Egypt

-301

-198

Syria falls under Ptolemy; immigrants to Alexandria

-301

 

Jerusalem under Ptolomy, called "Ioudaioi"

-301

 

Demetrius, son of Antigonus, king of Macedonia

-301

 

Antigonus defeated and killed at Ipsus by Lysimachus, Seleucus & Cassander

-300

 

Houses of Onias (pro-Palestine) and Tobias (pro-Egypt) in conflict

-283

 

Ptolemy Philadelphus pharaoh

-282

-246

Ptolemy II Philidelpus reigns, frees Jews

-281

 

Antiochus I king of Syria

-281

 

Seleucus assasinated

-275

-271

Ptolemy II P. invades Syria

-261

 

Antiochus II king of Syria

-261

 

Antiochus II wars with Ptolemy.

-252

 

Ptolemy III's daughter Berenice married to Antiochus II

-250

 

Simon the Just rebuilds walls of Jerusalem

-250

 

War between Egypt & Syria; Ptolemy III victorious

-250

 

Bible translated from Hebrew to Greek: LXX; Pentateuch produced at Alexandria Egypt

-246

 

Antiochus II of Syria dies

-246

 

Seleucus II king of Syria, son of Antiochus II

-245

 

Ptolemy II P. dies

-245

 

Ptolemy III Eurgetes, pharaoh

-240

 

Peace between Egypt & Syria.

-226

 

Seleucus III king of Syria; poisoned

-223

 

Antiochus III the Great king of Syria, 18 yrs old.

-221

 

Antiochus III invades Lebanon; forced out by Theodotus of Egypt

-221

 

Ptolemy III dies

-221

 

Ptolemy IV Philopater pharaoh

-219

 

Antiochus III invades Palestine; Theodotus joins.

-217

 

Ptolemy IV defeats Antiochus III at Raphia in Israel.

-203

 

Ptolemy IV dies

-202

 

Antiochus III invades Palestine, far as Gaza; repulsed.

-202

 

Hannibal of Carthage defeated by Romans a Zama

-200

 

Evidence of LXX in Greek writings. (or earlier still)

-198

 

Antiochus wins over Egyptian general Scopas at Sidon.

-198

 

Palestine under Antiochus III; forced hellenization

-190

-178

Son of Antiochus III (to become Antiochus Epiphanes) taken captive to Rome

-190

 

Antiochus III, at urging of Hannibal, invades Greece and defeated by Romans Magnesia

-180

 

Onias III High Priest in Jerusalem

-175

-163

Antiochus IV Epiphanes king of Syria.

-175

 

Jason buys High Priesthood

-170

 

Antiochus IV visits Jerusalem

-168

 

Romans defeat Macedonians at Pydna

-168

 

Maccabees revolt in Israel, gain relative independence.

-167

 

Mattathias and sons rebel against Syrians.

-166

-160

Leadership of Judas Maccabaeus

-165

 

Menelaus, of Benjamin, buys High Priesthood.

-160

 

Aristobulus of Alexandria taught that Greek philosophers borrowed from Moses.

-160

 

Romans secure Egypt from Antiochus IV

-160

 

Antiochus IV has Jerusalem taken, walls destroyed. Begins forced hellenization.

-160

-142

Jonathan High Priest

-146

 

Scipio Africanus takes Carthage

-142

-145

Simon High Priest

-134

 

Simon High Priest murdered

-134

-104

John Hyrcanus High Priest

-130

 

'Pharisee' first appears as a descriptor of a group

-106

 

Aristobulus “King of the Jews”

-103

 

Aristobulus High Priest

-102

-76

Alexander Jannaeus

-100

 

Letter of Aristeas descr. production of the LXX

-90

 

Janneus overcomes a civil war; crucifies 800 Pharisees in front of Sadducees

-80

 

Education of young compulsory in Israel

-75

-67

Salome Alexandra rules Palestine

-75

 

Hyrcanus II High Priest

-66

-63

Aristobulus II, battle with Hyrcanus II

-63

 

Roman entrance into Israel – Palestine

-63

180

Roman rule in Palestine

-63

-40

Hyrcanus II rules.

-63

 

Pompey conquers Palestine. Beginning of Roman rule. Aristobulus executed in Rome

-60

-43

First Triumvirate

-54

 

Crassus plunders Temple

-47

-43

Antipater procurator of Judea

-43

-31

Second Triumvirate

-40

-37

Parthians conquer Jerusalem.

-40

 

Antigonus king & High Priest of Judea

-40

 

Herod flees to Rome, makes friends with Anthony

-37

 

Aristobulus II High Priest and King. Taken to Rome and executed.

-37

 

Alexandra, mother of Herod's wife Mariamne, has Aristobulus (grandson of Hyrcanus II) replace Hananiel

-37

-4

Herod the Great rules Judea after slaying Antigonu

-37

-4

Herod the Great rules.

-31

 

Herod puts to death Mariamne, Alexandra, Sohemus (bodyguard)

-31

 

Battle of Actium.  Octavian defeats Anthony and rules.

-31

 

Herod meets with Octavian on Rhodes, secures kingdom.

-30

 

Octavian enters Alexandria.  Cleopatra rebuffed by him; later found dead with asp bites.

-30

 

Cleopatra feigns suicide to trick Anthony into killing himself, succeeds. Alexandria.

-30

 

Herod inherits Cleopatra's estates in Israel, given to her by Ptolemy.

-27

14

Augustus Emperor (Octavian)

-27

14

Augustus Caesar (Caesar Augustus)

-20

50

Philo of Alexandria.

-19

 

Temple restoration

-5

 

Jesus born; Census of Caesar.

-5

30

Jesus Christ

4

 

Herod dies; kingdom divided between Archelaeus, Herod Antipas, Philip

6

 

Copinius procurator of Judea

6

 

Archelaus Deposed, Judea a Roman province

6

 

Census by Cyrenius (Publius Sulpicius Quirinus)

6

 

Herod Antipas vassal king in Galilee & Perea

7

14

Annas High Priest

7

 

Jesus visits Temple

9

 

Marcus Ambivius, proc

13

 

Annius Rufus, proc

14

 

Valerius Gratus, proc

14

37

Tiberius Caesar (Tiberius Caesar Augustus)

14

 

Tiberius Caesar

15

 

Herod Antipas moves capital of Galilee to the Sea of Galilee; renames it and the capital Tiberias

17

 

M. Calpurnuis Piso, legate of Syria

18

36

Caiphas High Priest

26

 

Pontius Pilate, procurator of Judea

27

 

Ministry of John the Baptist; Jesus baptized

27

 

John Begins to Baptize

30

 

Jesus crucified

30

 

Crucifixion

30

 

Pentecost May 26

32

 

Conversion of Saul -- s.Paul

32

 

Conversion of Paul

32

33

Martyrdom of Stephen

35

 

Paul visits Jerusalem

36

 

Pilate deposed, commits suicide

37

41

Caligula Caesar (Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus)

37

41

Caligula emperor

38

 

Pogrom in Alexandria against Jews; Philo makes appeal

41

54

Claudius emperor

41

44

Herod Agrippa I King of Judea and Samaria

41

54

Claudius Caesar (Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus)

41

 

Claudius Caesar

43

 

Paul to Antioch

44

 

Martyrdom of James

44

48

Famine

44

 

Cuspis Fadus, proc

45

 

Paul brings relief to Jerusalem

46

 

Tiberius Alexander, proc (brother of Philo of Alexandria)

47

49

Mission 1 with Barnabas

48

 

Ventidus Cumanus and Felix, proc

49

 

Council of Jerusalem

49

 

Council of Jerusalem (Acts 15)

49

52

Jews expelled  from Rome by Claudius

49

 

Jews expelled from Rome

50

53

Mission 2 with Silas

50

 

First written form of Gospel?

51

53

Athens and Corinth

51

 

1 & 2 Thes

51

 

Felix, proc

51

 

First letters of s.Paul?

53

58

Mission 3; Jerusalem and Antioch

53

 

1Co

53

 

Gal

53

56

Ephesus

54

 

Nero Caesar

54

68

Nero emperor

54

68

Nero Caesar (Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus)

56

 

2Co

56

 

Macedonia and Corinth

57

 

Arrested in Temple

57

59

Caesarea

57

 

Ro

58

100

?Hermas of Rome

59

 

Sails for Rome, Shipwreck

60

 

Festus, proc

60

64

Prison in Rome

61

62

Phlm

61

62

Col

61

62

Eph

61

62

Phil

62

 

Albinus, proc

63

68

Titus

63

68

1Tim

64

 

Trial 1, acquitted

64

67

?Macedonia, Asia Minor, Crete, Spain?

64

 

Persecution under Nero

64

 

Gressius Florus, proc

64

 

Christians persecuted at Rome under Nero

64

67

1, 2 Pe

66

 

Paul Winters in Nicopolis, goes to Rome

66

 

First Jewish revolt in Palestine

66

72

Jewish Revolt 1

67

 

Heb

67

 

St.Peter and Paul martyred at Rome

67

 

First 3 gospels authored?

67

76

St.Linus Pope

67

 

Paul's Trial 2, Martrydom

67

 

Peter martyred at Rome

67

110

Ignatius of Antioch, martyr

67

 

Jude

67

 

Acts

67

 

Luke

67

 

Mark

67

 

Mat

67

 

2Tim

67

 

?Revelation

68

69

Galba Caesar (Servius Galba Caesar Augustus)

69

 

Polycarp born?

69

79

Vespasian Caesar (Caesar Vespasianus Augustus)

69

 

Vitellius Caesar (Aulus Vitellius Germanicus)

69

 

Otho Caesar (Marcus Otho Caesar Augustus)

70

 

Vespasian captures Jerusalem, ends war. Temple destroyed.

70

 

Jerusalem Destroyed 1

76

88

St.Anacletus or Cletus Pope

79

81

Titus Caesar (Titus Vespasianus Augustus)

81

96

Domitian Caesar (Caesar Domitianus Augustus)

88

97

St.Clement I Pope

92

 

Clement of Rome written?

95

 

Domitian persecution

95

 

John’s gospel

96

98

Nerva Caesar (Nerva Caesar Augustus)

96

98

Nerva emperor

97

105

St.Evaristus Pope

97

 

?Johannine literature finished

98

117

Persecution under Trajan

98

117

Trajan Caesar (Caesar Nerva Traianus Augustus)

98

 

John Apostle dies

98

117

Trajan emperor

100

 

Justin martyr born.

105

115

St.Alexander I Pope

110

 

Epistle of Barnabas

110

 

Shemoneh 'esreh gets final form by Rabbi Simeon haPakkoli

115

125

St.Sixtus I Pope

115

 

Irenaeus of Lyons born.?

117

138

Hadrian Caesar (Caesar Traianus Hadrianus Augustus)

117

138

Hadrian emperor

125

136

St.Telesphorus Pope

129

200

Theon. Galen lived

132

 

Second Jewish revolt in Palestine

133

 

Diognetus

134

 

Romans capture Jerusalem, ban Jews from Palestine.

136

140

St.Hyginus Pope

138

161

Antoninus Pius emperor

138

161

Antoninus Pius Caesar (Caesar Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Augustus Pius)

140

155

St.Pius I Pope

149

157

Albinus & Theon. Galen, platonists, study in Smyrna

150

 

Gnosticism

150

 

Clement of Alexandria born Titus Flavius Clement, prob. at Athens.

153

 

Justin's Apology

154

165

Anicetus, Pope

155

166

St.Anicetus Pope

161

180

Persecution under Marcus Aurelius

161

169

Lucius Verus Caesar (Lucius Aurelius Verus)

161

180

Marcus Aurelius Caesar (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus)

161

180

Marcus Aurelius emperor

166

175

St.Soter Pope

175

189

St.Eleutherius Pope

177

 

Celsus' A True Discourse

177

192

Commodus Caesar (Lucius Aelius Aurelius Commodus)

178

180

St.Irenaeus' AH 1-2 probably written [Unger]

180

 

End of Pax Romana

180

 

Clement of Alexandria, after Italy, Syia, and Palesine moves to Alexandria and impressed with Pantaenus

180

250

Sextus Julius Africanus

185

 

Origen born of a Christian family of Alexandria.

188

189

St.Irenaeus' AH 3 probably written [Unger]

189

 

First well-attested (?) bishop of Alexandria

189

199

St.Victor I Pope

189

 

Demetrius made Bishop of Alexandria

193

 

Didius Julianus Caesar (Marcus Didius Severus Julianus)

193

 

Pertinax Caesar (Publius Helvius Pertinax)

193

211

Septimius Severus Caesar (Lucius Septimius Severus Pertinax)

195

 

Julius Africanus fights in assault of Edessa

198

217

Caracalla Caesar (Marcus Aurelius Severus Antoninus)

199

217

St.Zephyrinus Pope

200

 

Clement of Alexandria becomes head of the catechetical school at Alexandria

200

211

Persecution under Septimus Severus