-336 |
|
Philip of Macedonia murdered |
-336 |
|
Darius III king of Persia |
-336 |
|
Alexander the Great king of Macedonia |
-333 |
|
Alexander defeats Darius III at Issus |
-332 |
|
Alexander invades Egypt |
-332 |
|
Alexander the Great visits Jerusalem |
-330 |
|
Darius of Persia dies |
-330 |
|
Macedonian conquest of Palestine |
-325 |
|
Alexander the Great taught by Aristotle |
-323 |
|
Alexander the Great dies of a fever in Persia |
-320 |
|
Cassander murders Alexander's wife Roxana & son. |
-318 |
|
Ptolemy I Lagi pharaoh |
-315 |
|
Ptolemy, Cassander, Lysimachus form alliance against Antigonus |
-312 |
|
Ptolemy & Seleucus defeat Antigonus' son Demetrius at Gaza |
-312 |
|
Ptolemy captures Jerusalem, deports many (100,000?) to Egypt |
-311 |
|
Seleucus conquers Babylonia |
-305 |
-282 |
Ptolemy I Soter reigns in Egypt |
-301 |
-198 |
Syria falls under Ptolemy; immigrants to Alexandria |
-301 |
|
Jerusalem under Ptolomy, called "Ioudaioi" |
-301 |
|
Demetrius, son of Antigonus, king of Macedonia |
-301 |
|
Antigonus defeated and killed at Ipsus by Lysimachus, Seleucus & Cassander |
-300 |
|
Houses of Onias (pro-Palestine) and Tobias (pro-Egypt) in conflict |
-283 |
|
Ptolemy Philadelphus pharaoh |
-282 |
-246 |
Ptolemy II Philidelpus reigns, frees Jews |
-281 |
|
Antiochus I king of Syria |
-281 |
|
Seleucus assasinated |
-275 |
-271 |
Ptolemy II P. invades Syria |
-261 |
|
Antiochus II king of Syria |
-261 |
|
Antiochus II wars with Ptolemy. |
-252 |
|
Ptolemy III's daughter Berenice married to Antiochus II |
-250 |
|
Simon the Just rebuilds walls of Jerusalem |
-250 |
|
War between Egypt & Syria; Ptolemy III victorious |
-250 |
|
Bible translated from Hebrew to Greek: LXX; Pentateuch produced at Alexandria Egypt |
-246 |
|
Antiochus II of Syria dies |
-246 |
|
Seleucus II king of Syria, son of Antiochus II |
-245 |
|
Ptolemy II P. dies |
-245 |
|
Ptolemy III Eurgetes, pharaoh |
-240 |
|
Peace between Egypt & Syria. |
-226 |
|
Seleucus III king of Syria; poisoned |
-223 |
|
Antiochus III the Great king of Syria, 18 yrs old. |
-221 |
|
Antiochus III invades Lebanon; forced out by Theodotus of Egypt |
-221 |
|
Ptolemy III dies |
-221 |
|
Ptolemy IV Philopater pharaoh |
-219 |
|
Antiochus III invades Palestine; Theodotus joins. |
-217 |
|
Ptolemy IV defeats Antiochus III at Raphia in Israel. |
-203 |
|
Ptolemy IV dies |
-202 |
|
Antiochus III invades Palestine, far as Gaza; repulsed. |
-202 |
|
Hannibal of Carthage defeated by Romans a Zama |
-200 |
|
Evidence of LXX in Greek writings. (or earlier still) |
-198 |
|
Antiochus wins over Egyptian general Scopas at Sidon. |
-198 |
|
Palestine under Antiochus III; forced hellenization |
-190 |
-178 |
Son of Antiochus III (to become Antiochus Epiphanes) taken captive to Rome |
-190 |
|
Antiochus III, at urging of Hannibal, invades Greece and defeated by Romans Magnesia |
-180 |
|
Onias III High Priest in Jerusalem |
-175 |
-163 |
Antiochus IV Epiphanes king of Syria. |
-175 |
|
Jason buys High Priesthood |
-170 |
|
Antiochus IV visits Jerusalem |
-168 |
|
Romans defeat Macedonians at Pydna |
-168 |
|
Maccabees revolt in Israel, gain relative independence. |
-167 |
|
Mattathias and sons rebel against Syrians. |
-166 |
-160 |
Leadership of Judas Maccabaeus |
-165 |
|
Menelaus, of Benjamin, buys High Priesthood. |
-160 |
|
Aristobulus of Alexandria taught that Greek philosophers borrowed from Moses. |
-160 |
|
Romans secure Egypt from Antiochus IV |
-160 |
|
Antiochus IV has Jerusalem taken, walls destroyed. Begins forced hellenization. |
-160 |
-142 |
Jonathan High Priest |
-146 |
|
Scipio Africanus takes Carthage |
-142 |
-145 |
Simon High Priest |
-134 |
|
Simon High Priest murdered |
-134 |
-104 |
John Hyrcanus High Priest |
-130 |
|
'Pharisee' first appears as a descriptor of a group |
-106 |
|
Aristobulus “King of the Jews” |
-103 |
|
Aristobulus High Priest |
-102 |
-76 |
Alexander Jannaeus |
-100 |
|
Letter of Aristeas descr. production of the LXX |
-90 |
|
Janneus overcomes a civil war; crucifies 800 Pharisees in front of Sadducees |
-80 |
|
Education of young compulsory in Israel |
-75 |
-67 |
Salome Alexandra rules Palestine |
-75 |
|
Hyrcanus II High Priest |
-66 |
-63 |
Aristobulus II, battle with Hyrcanus II |
-63 |
|
Roman entrance into Israel – Palestine |
-63 |
180 |
Roman rule in Palestine |
-63 |
-40 |
Hyrcanus II rules. |
-63 |
|
Pompey conquers Palestine. Beginning of Roman rule. Aristobulus executed in Rome |
-60 |
-43 |
First Triumvirate |
-54 |
|
Crassus plunders Temple |
-47 |
-43 |
Antipater procurator of Judea |
-43 |
-31 |
Second Triumvirate |
-40 |
-37 |
Parthians conquer Jerusalem. |
-40 |
|
Antigonus king & High Priest of Judea |
-40 |
|
Herod flees to Rome, makes friends with Anthony |
-37 |
|
Aristobulus II High Priest and King. Taken to Rome and executed. |
-37 |
|
Alexandra, mother of Herod's wife Mariamne, has Aristobulus (grandson of Hyrcanus II) replace Hananiel |
-37 |
-4 |
Herod the Great rules Judea after slaying Antigonu |
-37 |
-4 |
Herod the Great rules. |
-31 |
|
Herod puts to death Mariamne, Alexandra, Sohemus (bodyguard) |
-31 |
|
Battle of Actium. Octavian defeats Anthony and rules. |
-31 |
|
Herod meets with Octavian on Rhodes, secures kingdom. |
-30 |
|
Octavian enters Alexandria. Cleopatra rebuffed by him; later found dead with asp bites. |
-30 |
|
Cleopatra feigns suicide to trick Anthony into killing himself, succeeds. Alexandria. |
-30 |
|
Herod inherits Cleopatra's estates in Israel, given to her by Ptolemy. |
-27 |
14 |
Augustus Emperor (Octavian) |
-27 |
14 |
Augustus Caesar (Caesar Augustus) |
-20 |
50 |
Philo of Alexandria. |
-19 |
|
Temple restoration |
-5 |
|
Jesus born; Census of Caesar. |
-5 |
30 |
Jesus Christ |
4 |
|
Herod dies; kingdom divided between Archelaeus, Herod Antipas, Philip |
6 |
|
Copinius procurator of Judea |
6 |
|
Archelaus Deposed, Judea a Roman province |
6 |
|
Census by Cyrenius (Publius Sulpicius Quirinus) |
6 |
|
Herod Antipas vassal king in Galilee & Perea |
7 |
14 |
Annas High Priest |
7 |
|
Jesus visits Temple |
9 |
|
Marcus Ambivius, proc |
13 |
|
Annius Rufus, proc |
14 |
|
Valerius Gratus, proc |
14 |
37 |
Tiberius Caesar (Tiberius Caesar Augustus) |
14 |
|
Tiberius Caesar |
15 |
|
Herod Antipas moves capital of Galilee to the Sea of Galilee; renames it and the capital Tiberias |
17 |
|
M. Calpurnuis Piso, legate of Syria |
18 |
36 |
Caiphas High Priest |
26 |
|
Pontius Pilate, procurator of Judea |
27 |
|
Ministry of John the Baptist; Jesus baptized |
27 |
|
John Begins to Baptize |
30 |
|
Jesus crucified |
30 |
|
Crucifixion |
30 |
|
Pentecost May 26 |
32 |
|
Conversion of Saul -- s.Paul |
32 |
|
Conversion of Paul |
32 |
33 |
Martyrdom of Stephen |
35 |
|
Paul visits Jerusalem |
36 |
|
Pilate deposed, commits suicide |
37 |
41 |
Caligula Caesar (Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus) |
37 |
41 |
Caligula emperor |
38 |
|
Pogrom in Alexandria against Jews; Philo makes appeal |
41 |
54 |
Claudius emperor |
41 |
44 |
Herod Agrippa I King of Judea and Samaria |
41 |
54 |
Claudius Caesar (Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus) |
41 |
|
Claudius Caesar |
43 |
|
Paul to Antioch |
44 |
|
Martyrdom of James |
44 |
48 |
Famine |
44 |
|
Cuspis Fadus, proc |
45 |
|
Paul brings relief to Jerusalem |
46 |
|
Tiberius Alexander, proc (brother of Philo of Alexandria) |
47 |
49 |
Mission 1 with Barnabas |
48 |
|
Ventidus Cumanus and Felix, proc |
49 |
|
Council of Jerusalem |
49 |
|
Council of Jerusalem (Acts 15) |
49 |
52 |
Jews expelled from Rome by Claudius |
49 |
|
Jews expelled from Rome |
50 |
53 |
Mission 2 with Silas |
50 |
|
First written form of Gospel? |
51 |
53 |
Athens and Corinth |
51 |
|
1 & 2 Thes |
51 |
|
Felix, proc |
51 |
|
First letters of s.Paul? |
53 |
58 |
Mission 3; Jerusalem and Antioch |
53 |
|
1Co |
53 |
|
Gal |
53 |
56 |
Ephesus |
54 |
|
Nero Caesar |
54 |
68 |
Nero emperor |
54 |
68 |
Nero Caesar (Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus) |
56 |
|
2Co |
56 |
|
Macedonia and Corinth |
57 |
|
Arrested in Temple |
57 |
59 |
Caesarea |
57 |
|
Ro |
58 |
100 |
?Hermas of Rome |
59 |
|
Sails for Rome, Shipwreck |
60 |
|
Festus, proc |
60 |
64 |
Prison in Rome |
61 |
62 |
Phlm |
61 |
62 |
Col |
61 |
62 |
Eph |
61 |
62 |
Phil |
62 |
|
Albinus, proc |
63 |
68 |
Titus |
63 |
68 |
1Tim |
64 |
|
Trial 1, acquitted |
64 |
67 |
?Macedonia, Asia Minor, Crete, Spain? |
64 |
|
Persecution under Nero |
64 |
|
Gressius Florus, proc |
64 |
|
Christians persecuted at Rome under Nero |
64 |
67 |
1, 2 Pe |
66 |
|
Paul Winters in Nicopolis, goes to Rome |
66 |
|
First Jewish revolt in Palestine |
66 |
72 |
Jewish Revolt 1 |
67 |
|
Heb |
67 |
|
St.Peter and Paul martyred at Rome |
67 |
|
First 3 gospels authored? |
67 |
76 |
St.Linus Pope |
67 |
|
Paul's Trial 2, Martrydom |
67 |
|
Peter martyred at Rome |
67 |
110 |
Ignatius of Antioch, martyr |
67 |
|
Jude |
67 |
|
Acts |
67 |
|
Luke |
67 |
|
Mark |
67 |
|
Mat |
67 |
|
2Tim |
67 |
|
?Revelation |
68 |
69 |
Galba Caesar (Servius Galba Caesar Augustus) |
69 |
|
Polycarp born? |
69 |
79 |
Vespasian Caesar (Caesar Vespasianus Augustus) |
69 |
|
Vitellius Caesar (Aulus Vitellius Germanicus) |
69 |
|
Otho Caesar (Marcus Otho Caesar Augustus) |
70 |
|
Vespasian captures Jerusalem, ends war. Temple destroyed. |
70 |
|
Jerusalem Destroyed 1 |
76 |
88 |
St.Anacletus or Cletus Pope |
79 |
81 |
Titus Caesar (Titus Vespasianus Augustus) |
81 |
96 |
Domitian Caesar (Caesar Domitianus Augustus) |
88 |
97 |
St.Clement I Pope |
92 |
|
Clement of Rome written? |
95 |
|
Domitian persecution |
95 |
|
John’s gospel |
96 |
98 |
Nerva Caesar (Nerva Caesar Augustus) |
96 |
98 |
Nerva emperor |
97 |
105 |
St.Evaristus Pope |
97 |
|
?Johannine literature finished |
98 |
117 |
Persecution under Trajan |
98 |
117 |
Trajan Caesar (Caesar Nerva Traianus Augustus) |
98 |
|
John Apostle dies |
98 |
117 |
Trajan emperor |
100 |
|
Justin martyr born. |
105 |
115 |
St.Alexander I Pope |
110 |
|
Epistle of Barnabas |
110 |
|
Shemoneh 'esreh gets final form by Rabbi Simeon haPakkoli |
115 |
125 |
St.Sixtus I Pope |
115 |
|
Irenaeus of Lyons born.? |
117 |
138 |
Hadrian Caesar (Caesar Traianus Hadrianus Augustus) |
117 |
138 |
Hadrian emperor |
125 |
136 |
St.Telesphorus Pope |
129 |
200 |
Theon. Galen lived |
132 |
|
Second Jewish revolt in Palestine |
133 |
|
Diognetus |
134 |
|
Romans capture Jerusalem, ban Jews from Palestine. |
136 |
140 |
St.Hyginus Pope |
138 |
161 |
Antoninus Pius emperor |
138 |
161 |
Antoninus Pius Caesar (Caesar Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Augustus Pius) |
140 |
155 |
St.Pius I Pope |
149 |
157 |
Albinus & Theon. Galen, platonists, study in Smyrna |
150 |
|
Gnosticism |
150 |
|
Clement of Alexandria born Titus Flavius Clement, prob. at Athens. |
153 |
|
Justin's Apology |
154 |
165 |
Anicetus, Pope |
155 |
166 |
St.Anicetus Pope |
161 |
180 |
Persecution under Marcus Aurelius |
161 |
169 |
Lucius Verus Caesar (Lucius Aurelius Verus) |
161 |
180 |
Marcus Aurelius Caesar (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus) |
161 |
180 |
Marcus Aurelius emperor |
166 |
175 |
St.Soter Pope |
175 |
189 |
St.Eleutherius Pope |
177 |
|
Celsus' A True Discourse |
177 |
192 |
Commodus Caesar (Lucius Aelius Aurelius Commodus) |
178 |
180 |
St.Irenaeus' AH 1-2 probably written [Unger] |
180 |
|
End of Pax Romana |
180 |
|
Clement of Alexandria, after Italy, Syia, and Palesine moves to Alexandria and impressed with Pantaenus |
180 |
250 |
Sextus Julius Africanus |
185 |
|
Origen born of a Christian family of Alexandria. |
188 |
189 |
St.Irenaeus' AH 3 probably written [Unger] |
189 |
|
First well-attested (?) bishop of Alexandria |
189 |
199 |
St.Victor I Pope |
189 |
|
Demetrius made Bishop of Alexandria |
193 |
|
Didius Julianus Caesar (Marcus Didius Severus Julianus) |
193 |
|
Pertinax Caesar (Publius Helvius Pertinax) |
193 |
211 |
Septimius Severus Caesar (Lucius Septimius Severus Pertinax) |
195 |
|
Julius Africanus fights in assault of Edessa |
198 |
217 |
Caracalla Caesar (Marcus Aurelius Severus Antoninus) |
199 |
217 |
St.Zephyrinus Pope |
200 |
|
Clement of Alexandria becomes head of the catechetical school at Alexandria |
200 |
211 |
Persecution under Septimus Severus |